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FACTS on Anxiety Disorders

What is Anxiety?

  • A feeling of apprehension, uncertainty, and fear in anticipation of or in response to some real or perceived danger.
  • Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, panic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

What are the Symptoms of Anxiety?

  • Unrealistic or excessive worry
  • Unrealistic fears concerning objects or situations
  • Exaggerated startle reactions
  • Flashbacks of past trauma
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Ritualistic behaviors
  • Shakiness and trembling
  • Dizziness and fatigue
  • Racing or pounding heart
  • Dry mouth and/or lump in throat
  • Numbness/tingling of hands, feet or other body part
  • Upset stomach and/or diarrhea
  • High pulse and/or breathing rate
  • Muscle aches and/or tension
  • Sweating, cold/clammy hands

Who Suffers from Anxiety?

  • 12% of Americans suffer from phobias
  • 1.5 million Americans suffer from panic disorders during any six-month period
  • 2.4 million Americans suffer from obsessive-compulsive disorders

What Causes Anxiety?

  • Physical and environmental triggers may combine to create a particular anxiety illness.
  • Psychoanalytic theory suggests that it stems from unconscious conflict that arose from discomfort during infancy or childhood.
  • Learning theory suggests that anxiety is a learned behavior that can be unlearned.
  • A biochemical imbalance is another possible cause of anxiety. Complex electrochemical interactions in the central nervous system lead to anxious feelings.

    How to Treat Anxiety?

  • Chronic, generalized anxiety can be treated through a combination of psychotherapy and medication.

  • Medication is used to control the symptoms of anxiety, and should be accompanied by some form of behavioral therapy or other psychotherapy technique.

  • Psychoanalytic theory suggests that treatment should include identifying and resolving the unconscious conflict in order to stop the symptoms of anxiety.

Where Can You Get Help for Anxiety Disorders?

  • Community Mental Health Centers
  • General Hospitals
  • Psychiatric Care Facilities
  • Mental Health Clinics
  • Family Service Agencies
  • Self-help Groups
  • Schools and Employers

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Revised: July 21, 2005